Stone crusher and pulverizer.



E. B. SYMONS.

STONE CRUSHER AND PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION FILED 'APR. 17, I91 I.

1 1%5 fi%@@ Patented July 6, 1915.

4 SHEETSSHEET I.

E. B. SYMONS.

STONE CRUSHER AND PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION FILED APR-1T 19H.

Patented July 6, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2- E. B.SYMONS.

STONE CRUSHER AND PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION FILED APR-17, 1911.

Y Patented July 6, 1915.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3- E. B. SYMONS.

STONE CRUSHER AND PULVERIZER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 11. 1911.

12116111011 July 6, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

WW I 5y A..

EDGAR B. SYMONS, F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

STONE CRUSHLER AND PULVERIZER.

Application filed April 17, 1911.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDGAR B. SYMONS, citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee,-in the county of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Stone Crushers and Pulverizers, of which the following is a specification. v

My invention relates to improvements in crushing machines as illustrated diagrammatically in one form in the accompanying drawing wherein Figure 1 is a vertical section through the machine; Fig. 2 a section along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, with parts removed; Fig. 3 a section along the line 3--3 of Fig. 1, with parts removed; Fig. 4 is an axial section of one of the crushing rolls; Fig. 5 a detail top plan view of one of the crushing rolls; Fig. 6 a detail section along line 66 of Fig. 5; Fig. 7 a detailsection along the line7-7 of Fig. 2.

Like parts are indicated by like letters in all the figures.

The cylindrical base A is provided at its bottom with the inwardly extending radially disposed hollow housing A forming with the two radial arms A a spider arm the bottom of which supports the upwardly projecting sleeve A and the cylindrical closed bottom casing A which terminates at one side in a downwardly extending pocket A in one wall of which is located a screw threaded removable plug A". The holding ring A which is slidably mounted upon the top of the base A is adjustable thereon by means of the three set screws A screw threaded in the lugs A and in opposition to the top of the base A and may be held in position upon the base by the holding bolts A engaging the slots A The inner surface of the ring A is upwardly and outwardly flaring and is bounded at the bottom by the inwardly extending flange A which supports the removable crushing ring A held in position against the backing A by the annular ring A bolted to the flange A about the top of the holding ring A".

The rigid shaft B proj ects upwardly from the sleeve A is held in position therein by the collar B engaging the top thereof and carries pinned to its upper end the bearing cap B in opposition to a bearing disk 18 pinned to the head 13* which in turn is bolted to the top of the sleeve B. The sleeve 18 contains the anti-friction bearing B in Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 6, 1915.

Serial No. 621,482.

opposition to the upper end of the shaft B and the anti-friction bearing B in opposltion to the sleeve A The flange B proects outwardly from the base of the sleeve B and overhangs the cylindrical casing A and is provided with the downwardly depending cylindrical wall B within said casing and the downwardly depending cyhndrical Wall E outside of said casing. The miter gear B is keyed to the sleeve 13 and is in engagement with the miter pinion B keyed to the driving shaft B which is rotatably mounted in the anti-friction bearlngsB B in the hollow housing A, the bearing B being partially contained in the housing B outwardly projecting from the base A. The driving pulley B is keyed to the driving shaft B at its outer end.

The cradles C which are held slidably upon the flange B by the overhanging guides C are drawn up against the spacing shims C by the nuts C which engage the lugs C and are mounted upon the bolts C" which project from the flat sides of the triangular member G on the sleeve B The parallel lugs C project upwardly from the cradle C and carry the shafts C upon which are rotatably mounted the knuckles C from which project upwardly the shafts C The flange C is mounted upon the shoulder C on the knuckles C supports the annular bearing ring C about the shaft 0 and is provided with the upwardly and inwardly extending wall C forming an oil ring C which terminates at its outer side in the oil chamber C The crushing roll D which is rotatably mounted upon the shaft C and is provided with the truncated conical crushing portion D in opposition to the crushing ring A is supported at its base upon the bearing ring C and is provided with the outwardly projecting shoulder D in opposition to the upper edge of the wall C The guiding block D which is slidably mounted upon the upper end of the shaft C is provided with the downwardly projecting cylindrical member D in opposition to the top of the roll D and inclosing the collar D and packing washer D". The nut D screw-threaded upon the shaft 0 engages the upper surface of the block D to hold it against the roll.' The set-screw D is screw-threaded in the shaft C and engages the cross bar D which is slidably mounted in the transverse slot D and engages at either end the keys of oil from the bearing.

D which bear upon the collar D to compress the washer D to prevent the escape The nut D" is provided with a plurality of key ways D in opposition to a single key way D in the shaft C and may be held against rotation about said shaft by the key D held in position by the cotter pin. D in the lugs D The block D which is in slidable engagement with the guiding arms E in the ring E rigidly attached to the lugs E on the sleeves B is in engagement on its upper side with the T-shaped spacing shims E held in position on the benches Eby the fixed plates E The cap B is provided with the upwardly extending hollow shaft E which carries the circular disk E and is provided with the lug E engaging the lug E projecting from the disk, E The disk E overhangs the inner edge of a truncated conical guide or chute E which overhangs at its outer edge the annular ring A at the top of the crushing ring and is suspended from the housing E which is supported on the cylindrical ring E and is grovided with the centrally disposed chute The oil pipe F leads from any suitable oil tank not shown to the chamber F in the base of the sleeve A from which leads the oil passage F through the'shaft B to the bearing surface between the cap B and the disk B which bearing surfaces are surrounded by the oil chamber F The oil pipe F leads from the chamber F to the top of the shaft C and communicates with the oil passage F which communicates with the spiral oil groove F in the outside of the shaft. The groove F leads spirally 'around the shaft to the oil chamber C from which leads the oil pipe F to the pipe F which discharges into the interior of the cylindrical casing A". The passages IF leads from the cylindrical casing A to the interior of the housing A to oil the bearings B B The oil pipe F leads from the pocket A back to the tank not shown. The outer end of the bearing B is in opposition to the cup:shaped flange F on the shaft B and is surrounded by the oil-containing pocket F from which leads the pipe F communicating with the pipe F The annular ring G is supported on the foundation beams Gr below the spider-arm bottom and carries the rotatable chute G It will be evident that while I have shown in my drawings, an operative device still many changes might be made in the size,

shape and arrangement of the parts with.

out departing materially from the spirit of my invention.

The use and operation of my invention are as follows: My ring roll crusher is capable of taking in material the particles of which differ in size through a wide range.

The smaller particles will begin to slide down along the crushing surface of the ring not being attacked until they reach the lower part but while they are so moving the larger particles are being crushed between the upper diverging crushing surfaces and thus there is a simultaneous crushing action on particles of greatly varying sizes, the larger particles being crushed at the top and the finer ones at the bottom of the ring. The ring and roll may of course be set or inclined in various ways or their surfaces shaped invarious ways so as to get these results. The essential point with regard to the matter at this moment under consideration is the feeding of the material in the direction of the length of the roll while subjecting particles of varying sizes simultaneously to the crushing action. For convenience the surfaces are so arranged that they present in effect two or more crushing zones in the lower of which the crushing surfaces are practically parallel or nearly so, while in the upper zones they rapidly and widely diverge. The zones of divergence should be much wider than the zones of parallelism because there will be much less work done per unit of area in the upper than in the lower zones. The preferred form is that in which the rin is curved and outwardly and upwardly arin as shown.

The ring is made preferably of manganese steel, which, of course, it is practically impossible to work, and it should be shaped properly in the beginning. The roll preferably thickens downwardly because the particles being smaller there is more work to be done at the lower part of the roll than at the upper part.

In the case of centrifugally actuated outwardly swinging crushin rolls in ring roll machines the roll if it contacts or is free to contact the surface of the ring tends to destroy or pit it. If an unusually difficult or hard particle is encountered the tendency will be to dent or recess the surface of the ring especially if a defective spot therein be found. The tendency of the roll, of course, having found or made a weak spot in the ring, is to follow it up and continue to batter it in, the bottom of the hole being farther from the center of rotation than any other part of the surface of the ring. This is effectually prevented by arranging the roll so that it has a stop which prevents its actually contacting the surface in front of it. By making the stop adjustable it becomes in effect an adjustable bearing and the gap therefor at the time of crushing, between ring and roll, may be varied. The roll is pivoted below so that any such adjustment tends to widen the gap above more than it does below but in order to give the widest possible range of adnmaeae justment the bearings for both ends of the roll are adjustable so that the roll may he moved bodily without varying the angle of divergence and may take therefor the raw material at any desired maximum cross section and deliver it at any desired maximum cross section. Such a machine made at any size to suit and may perform the function of a gyratory crusher at the top of the ring while it performs the function .of a pulverizing or powdering machine at the bottom of the roll on the same material. of the rolls made so that either may be adjusted in either direction any desired arrangement can be obtained. The roll is preferably inclined outwardly at the time when it crushes, The resultant of the forces then at work is such as to counteract-the gravity of the roll itself and take the burden oif of the lower portion of the roll.

In my description of claims I speak generally of a roll but it is of course understood that there will be any desired number of rolls each mounted and operating preferably in the same manner as all the others. The machine may be shaped so as to take in the material in a very coarse condition and deliver it in a very fine condition or it may take in the material in a very coarse condition and leave it in a relatively coarse though much finer condition and it may also pass the material through without very greatly reducing the diameters of its particles.

By having a free and unobstructed discharge chamber below the ring the material passes with a free fall by the action of gravity down over or along the surface of the crushing roll and into the discharge chamber and is never piled up in around the rolls or banked against the crushing ring. This feed is conveniently effected by the rotating distributing disk which prefer ably piles up the material on a ledge above the ring when it swings gently down over the ring. The rate of rotation of the rolls may be varied but it should be such that any given particle will pass a roll a number of times in the course of its descent from the top of the ring to the bottom of the ring so that it will have many opportunities to pass 'under and be attacked by one of the rolls.

The proportions of the parts can, of course, be varied to suit. The feed is in effect a free, cylindrical film of material not packed or banked but thinly distributed on a surface over which the roll travels and such material has a free gravity discharge below the ring and performs a complete excursion from the top of the ring down along its surface and out of the machine.

The length of the rolls and the width of the ring are such that each particle falling by gravity along the inner surface of the By having the supports of the ends ring willcontinue its excursion so long that a series of blows may be given it by the passing rollers and the feed should be so distributed that in effect a reduction blow is given to each separated particle. Experience demonstrates that in crushing by means of a ring and roll it is best to reduce to a limited degree, that is, for example, to so operate as that any given blow will reduce those particles of the maximum size fed to the machine to say one-third or oneparticle near the top of the roll if two inches in diameter mightbe broken to a series of particles one-half inch in diameter, and these farther down the roll would be again struck and reduced from one-half to particles of a size not exceeding one-eighth inch in diameter. If as above suggested each particle is to be received and be reduced in a separated condition by a blow then the feed must be such that these particles as they are successively crushed or broken will each find itself in effect segregated so as to have about it an area into which it can be expanded or fiattened or the particles into which it has been crushed be distributed. By so feeding and so arranging the rolls the particles can be reduced from a relatively large to a relatively small size. For such an action to have its full opportunity to work the desired results the particles must have a free gravity fall or its substantial equivalent through the crushing members as distinguished, for example, from a gyratory where all the particles are held in the top of the machine, and from that form of roll ring machine in which the rolls travel in a mass of material or where the loose material is packed or rolled out into a cushion as it were between the roll and ring.

I claim:

1. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring having an open bottom with an upright roll revolving therein and traveling therealong said roll upwardly and outwardly inclined to the vertical during the crushing operation.

2. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and therealong the roll mounted in bearings at top and bottom said bearings adjustable to move the lower end of the roll bodily to and from the ring and to limit the upper end of the roll toward the ring.

3. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and therealong the roll mounted in bearings at top and bottom one of said bearings adjustable so as to give variable inclinations to the roll at various crushing operations.

4. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and therealong the roll mounted in bearings at top and bottom both of said bearings adjustable so that either roll end may be varied in either radial direction.

5. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and therealong their opposed crushing surfaces upwardly diverging and means for moving the roll bodily to and from the ring to vary the width of the gap between them.

6. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and therealong, said machine being provided with a free, unobstructed discharge passage below the ring and means for feeding a film of material to be crushed continuously past the ring surface.

'7. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and traveling therealong, the crushing surface of the ring provided with zones at an inclination to each other.

8. In, a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and traveling therealong, their opposed simultaneously acting crushing surfaces at varying distances from each other.

9. In a rin roll crushing machine the combination 0 a crushing ring with an up-' their opposed crushing surfaces upwardly diverging and means for feeding a cylindrical film of material along the crushmg surface of the ring.

11. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and therealong, a material ledge around the upper edge of the ring, means for supplying material to said ledge and an unobstructed discharge.

opening at the bottom of the ring so that a film of material is fed continuously over the crushing of the ring.

12. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and therealong, their opposed crushing surfaces upwardly diverging and nowhere parallel to the horizontal and supports for the roll whereby when revolved it moves under centrifugal force toward the ring.

13. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and therealong, said roll pivotally secured at its lower end and free to swing radially at its upper end, and an adjustable stop to limit such radial movement in the direction of the ring.

14. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and therealong. said roll pivotally secured at its lower end and free to swing radially at its upper end and means for adjusting the position of the pivotal bearing toward or from the ring.

15. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an up right roll revolving therein and therealong, said roll pivotally secured at its lowe end and free to swing radially at its upper end and means for adjusting the position of the pivotal bearing toward or from the ring and a variable stop to limit the radial motion of the roller.

16. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and therealong, means for holding the roll during the crushing operation at a distance from the crushing surface of the ring and means for continuously feeding an unobstructed film of material between the crushing surfaces.

17. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushin ring with an upright roll revolving therem and therealong,

their opposed crushing surfaces upwardly diverging and means for separating them bodily without disturbing such divergence.

18. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and therealong, their opposed crushing surfaces upwardly diverging and means for separating them bodily to widen the gap between them.

19. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll, means for revolving the same in and along the crushing ring so that the roll is moved toward. the ring by centrifugal force and means for arresting the outward movement of the roll at a predetermined distance from the ring and means for continuously feeding an unobstructed film of material between the crushing surfaces.

20. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and traveling mamas therealong, their opposed crushing surfaces upwardly diverging and increasing in cross section downwardly.

21. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an up right roll revolving therein and therealong, said roll mounted so that it moves radially toward the ring under the influence of gravity and means for preventing its contact with the ring and means for continuously feeding an unobstructed film of material between the crushing surfaces.

22. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and therealong and means for feeding a cylindrical continuous film of material along the crushing surface of the ring and for giving a free fall and gravity discharge for such material across and below the ring.

23. In a ring roll crushing machine thecombination of a crushing ring with an upright roll revolving therein and therealong, their opposed crushing surfaces upwardly diverging and a rotating distributing disk to discharge the material by centrifugal force in a cylindrical film to the crushing surface of the ring.

24. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with a central shaft, a sleeve thereon, a crushing roll mounted on the sleeve and means for driving the sleeve so as to rotate the roll within and along the crushing surface of the ring, their opposed crushing surfaces upwardly diverging. 1

25. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with a central shaft, a sleeve thereon, a crushing roll mounted on the sleeve and means for driving the sleeve so as to rotate the roll within and along the crushing surface of the ring, the ends of the roll projecting beyond the top'and bottom of the ring.

26. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with a fixed central shaft, a sleeve thereon, a crushing roll mounted on the sleeve and means for driving the sleeve so as to rotate the roll within and along the crushing surface of the ring, the upper end of the roll adapted to swing radially on the sleeve.

27. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with a fixed central shaft, a sleeve thereon, a crushing roll mounted on the sleeve and means for driving the sleeve so as to rotate the roll within and along 'the crushing surface of the ring, the lower end of the roll pivoted and the upper end adapted to swing radiallyon the sleeve.

28. In a ring Toll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with a central shaft, a sleeve thereon, a crushing roll mounted on the sleeve and means for driving the sleeve so as to rotate the roll within and along the crushing surface of the ring, the lower end of the roll pivoted and the upper end adapted to swing radially on the sleeve and a stop to limit the radial swing of said roll toward the ring.

29. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with a central fixed shaft, a sleeve thereon, means for rotating the sleeve and an upright roll mounted on the sleeve and secured thereto at both ends.

30. In a ring roll crushing machine .the combination of a crushing ring with a central fixed shaft, a sleeve thereon, means for rotating the sleeve and an upright roll mounted on the sleeve and secured thereto at both ends, the lower end by a pivot.

31. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with a central fixed shaft, a sleeve thereon, means for rotating the sleeve and an upright roll mounted on the sleeve and secured thereto at both ends, the lower end by a pivot and the upper end so as to'be free to swing radially.

32. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushin ring with a fixed shaft in the center thereo a sleeve mounted on the shaft, means for rotating the sleeve mounted below the ring and a crushing roll mounted on the sleeve.

33. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with a fixed shaft in the center thereof a sleeve mounted on the shaft means for rotating the sleeve mounted below the ring and a crushing roll mounted on the sleeve and free to move radially out from it and a hood and frame to entirely inclose all the parts.

34. In a rin roll crushing machine the combination 0 a cylindrical frame a ring roll mounted in the upper part thereof, a shaft fixedly upported in the center of the ring and frame a sleeve mounted on the shaft, means for rotating the sleeve, a crushing roll mounted on the sleeve, said machine being provided with a free and unobstructed discharge opening through the cylindrical frame below the ring and a hood to cover the top of the ring and rolls.

35. In a ring roll crushing machine a combination of a crushin ring with a central shaft, a sleeve mounte thereon, two projecting parts at top and bottom of the sleeve, means for rotating the sleeve and a crushing roll mounted on the sleeve in such projecting parts.

36. In a ring roll crushing machine a frame, a crushing ring mounted therein, an

upright crushing roll within the ring, means for revolving it and a disk like material distributer forming a cap or cover for the roll and its supporting or driving mechanism and adapted to deliver a film of material to .the surface of the ring.

37. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a frame with a crushing ring mounted thereon and connections between the two consisting of vertical and horizontal bolts and screws whereby the ring may be centered and secured on the frame from a central shaft, a sleeve thereon, means for rotating it and upright rolls mounted on the sleeve.

38. In a ring roll crusning machine the combination of a crushing ring with a central shaft fixedly mounted therein, a sleeve mounted on the shaft, an upright roll car- I ried by the sleeve, means for rotating the sleeve and an inclosing box to contain the driving gears and channels, and connections whereby the interior of the sleeve, the box and the interior of the crushing roll form a circular passage for oil.

39. In a ring roll crushing machine the combination of a crushing ring with an up- F. A. OTTO, EDITH RAASCH. 

